Ibyuma byo mu nyanja bivuga ibice bitandukanye nibikoresho bikoreshwa mukubaka, gukora, no gufata neza ubwato nubwato.Ibi bice byingenzi byibyuma bigira uruhare runini mukurinda umutekano, imikorere, n'imikorere yubwato bwo mu nyanja.Muri iki gitabo cyuzuye, tuzasesengura ubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho byo mu nyanja n'akamaro kabyo mu nganda zo mu nyanja.
Ibyuma Byuma
Ibyuma bya Anchoring nibyingenzi mukurinda ubwato ahantu, gutanga umutekano no kwirinda kugenda.Ibice byibanze bigize ibyuma byuma birimo:
1. Inanga
Inanga ni ibyuma biremereye bigenewe gufata inyanja no gufata icyombo mumwanya.Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwa ankeri, harimo:
- Fluke Anchor: Nanone izwi nka ankor ya Danforth, iremereye kandi ikoreshwa cyane mubwato buto kandi buciriritse.
- Guhinga Anchor: Iyi ankeri ifite igishushanyo kimeze nk'isuka, gitanga imbaraga nziza zo gufata muburyo butandukanye bwinyanja.
-Bruce Anchor: Azwiho guhuza byinshi, inanga ya Bruce itanga ubushobozi bwizewe bwo gufata ibintu mubihe bitandukanye.
2. Urunigi n'Uruziga
Iminyururu n'imigozi bikoreshwa bifatanije na ankeri kugirango bahuze ubwato na ankeri.Urunigi rutanga imbaraga nigihe kirekire, mugihe kugendana bifasha gukurura ihungabana no kugabanya imbaraga kumitsi.
Icyuma Cyuma
Ibyuma byububiko bikubiyemo ibintu byinshi bikoreshwa mukibuga cyubwato cyangwa ubwato.Ibi bikoresho byibyuma bitanga intego zitandukanye kandi nibyingenzi mubikorwa byubwato muri rusange.Ibyuma bimwe byingenzi byingenzi bikubiyemo:
1. Cleats
Ibikoresho ni ibyuma cyangwa plastike bifatanye kumurongo ukoreshwa mukurinda imigozi, imirongo, nibindi bintu byo kwiba.Batanga ingingo ihamye yo kugerekaho no gufasha gukwirakwiza umutwaro uringaniye.
2. Winches
Winches ni ibikoresho bya mashini bikoreshwa muguhinduranya no kudahuza imigozi cyangwa insinga.Bakunze gukoreshwa mukuzamura no kumanura ubwato, kuzamura inanga, no gukora indi mirimo iremereye.
3. Ingofero
Ibisumizi ni uburyo bwo kugera kumurongo utanga ibyinjira mubice byimbere byubwato.Nibyingenzi muguhumeka, kugera ahabikwa, no gukora imirimo yo kubungabunga.
4. Gariyamoshi
Gariyamoshi ni inzitizi zo gukingira zashyizwe ku nkombe z'igorofa kugira ngo birinde kugwa no gutanga umutekano ku bakozi.Mubisanzwe bikozwe mubyuma cyangwa aluminiyumu kugirango birambe kandi birwanya ruswa.
Rigging Hardware
Ibyuma bisunika bivuga ibice bikoreshwa mugushigikira ubwato no kuyobora ubwato.Ibi bikoresho byuma bifasha guhindura ubwato no kugenzura icyerekezo n'umuvuduko wubwato.Bimwe mubyingenzi byingenzi byo kwiba birimo:
1. Igitambaro kandi Guma
Igitambaro kandi kigumaho ni umugozi cyangwa umugozi utanga inkunga kuri mast na rigging.Bafasha gukwirakwiza umutwaro no gukomeza uburinganire bwimiterere ya mast.
2. Inzitizi
Block na pulleys bikoreshwa mukuyobora inzira yumugozi cyangwa insinga, bigafasha abakozi guhindura imiterere yubwato hamwe nu mfuruka.Ibi bice byibyuma bigabanya guterana amagambo kandi byoroshe gukemura uburiganya.
3. Impinduka
Turnbuckles ni ibikoresho bya mashini bikoreshwa muguhindura impagarara mu nsinga cyangwa insinga.Zigizwe ninkoni ifatanye hamwe nibice bibiri byanyuma, byemerera guhinduka neza kugirango bigere kumikorere myiza yubwato.
Ibyuma byumutekano
Ibyuma byumutekano bigira uruhare runini muguharanira imibereho myiza yabakozi nabagenzi bari mubwato.Ibi bice byagenewe gukumira impanuka no gusubiza neza mugihe cyihutirwa.Bimwe mubikoresho byingenzi byumutekano birimo:
1. Ikoti ry'ubuzima
Ikoti ry'ubuzima ni ibikoresho bya flotation byambarwa n'abantu kugiti cyabo kugirango bikomeze kugenda mumazi.Byaremewe gutanga ubwiyunge no kugumisha umutwe hejuru y'amazi, bikagabanya ibyago byo kurohama.
2. Abazimya umuriro
Kuzimya umuriro nibikoresho byingenzi byumutekano bikoreshwa muguhashya no kuzimya umuriro mubwato.Ziza muburyo butandukanye, nk'ifuro, ifu yumye, na CO2, buri kimwe kibereye ibyago byumuriro.
3. Ubuzima
Liferafts ni uruti rucanwa rwagenewe kwakira umubare wabantu runaka mugihe bahunze byihutirwa.Bafite ibikoresho byo kurokoka, nk'ibiribwa, amazi, n'ibikoresho byerekana ibimenyetso, kugira ngo bafashe mu bikorwa byo gutabara.
Ibyuma byo mu nyanja bikubiyemo ibice byinshi byingirakamaro mu mikorere myiza n’umutekano w’amato yo mu nyanja.Kuva ku byuma bigera ku byuma bigera ku byuma, ibyuma byangiza, hamwe n’ibikoresho by’umutekano, buri bwoko bukora intego yihariye kandi bugira uruhare mu mikorere rusange yubwato cyangwa ubwato.Mugusobanukirwa ubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho byo mu nyanja, abafite ubwato, abasare, ninzobere mu nyanja barashobora kwemeza guhitamo neza, gushiraho, no kubungabunga ibyo bice byingenzi, bityo bikazamura imikorere numutekano wubwato bwabo.
Alastin hanze nkumushinga wuzuye wubwato bwo mu nyanja nibicuruzwa byo hanze mubushinwa, bifite ubushobozi bwuzuye bwo gukora no gutunganya ibikoresho byo mu nyanja.Irashaka kandi abakozi babereye kwisi kugirango bafatanye guteza imbere ubucuruzi bwibicuruzwa byo hanze.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-13-2023